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Actress Jenny McCarthy speaks during a rally on Capitol Hill calling for the elimination of toxins from children's vaccines.

Actress Jenny McCarthy calls for the elimination of toxins from children's vaccines during a rally in June 2008.

Photograph by Jose Luis Magana, AP

Susan Brink

for National Geographic

Published July 16, 2013

It all started with bad science. The now-debunked theory that autism is caused by the common immunizations nearly all children receive beginning in infancy began with a fabricated piece of research, a 1998 study published—and later retracted—in the journal Lancet. In 2010, Great Britain stripped Andrew Wakefield, the lead author of the study, of his medical license. An investigation had deemed his research an elaborate fraud.

But in those dozen years, fear of lifesaving immunizations took hold of millions of parents. Jenny McCarthy—former Playmate of the year, model, actress, and soon-to-be cohost of the television show The View—fueled parental fears. She built a movement around the flawed theory. McCarthy, who has an autistic son, wrote Louder Than Words: A Mother's Journey in Healing Autism, correlating the increase in childhood vaccinations with the rise in autism worldwide.

"She is absolutely entitled to her opinion, but to say that it's fact when it's not fact is just wrong," says Glenn Braunstein, vice president of clinical innovation at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. "It's one step down from yelling 'fire' in a crowded theater when there is no fire. It's fear-mongering."

But the movement snowballed. Congress held hearings. More than 5,000 people petitioned a newly formed Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, charging that vaccines injured their children. (Courts eventually found no proven link between vaccines and autism.) Parents began saying no to immunizations, and the percentage of parents who delayed or refused vaccinations rose from 22 percent in 2003 to nearly 40 percent in 2008. For the first time in decades, the U.S. saw outbreaks of diseases like measles, mumps, and whooping cough.

Completely Discredited

The original research began to be discredited as early as 1999, when two studies commissioned by the U.K. Department of Health found no evidence that immunizations were associated with autism. In 2001, a panel of 15 experts from the Institute of Medicine, which advises Congress, found no connection between the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism. In 2004, a comprehensive review by the Institute of Medicine found no causal relationship between vaccines and autism.

But it would take almost another decade for the furor to even begin to die down. A study this year in The Journal of Pediatrics may at last put the final nail in the coffin of the discredited research. In April, researchers published a study that looked at nearly 1,000 children and concluded that exposure to vaccines during the first two years of life was not associated with an increased risk of developing autism.

Maybe, just maybe, Jenny McCarthy won't even mention autism and vaccines from her new perch on The View. That's the hope of Paul Offit, chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. "In a more rational world, this discussion would be un-reopenable," Offit says. "The answerable questions have all been answered." It's not the vaccine, or anything in the vaccine. It's not the number or timing of vaccinations. Scientifically, he says, we know that.

So what is causing an increase in autism? We don't know for sure, says Offit, but the best data are genetic, involving several genes required for brain development that may generate abnormalities even in the womb. Some researchers have found a connection between older fathers and an increased risk of autism in their children. Or the increase could be due to more awareness of autism and a broader definition of the disorder.

Those theories require a lot more research. The vaccine theory does not. It was thoroughly investigated, and it doesn't hold up.

130 comments
Ron Davidson
Ron Davidson

I've been reading through here, looking at the posted links trying to see which side of the argument has merit but I have yet to see anyone on either side present more than statistics, anecdotes or papers/articles. Where is the proper hard scientific data resulting from long studies proving a negative? 

Chris Sharpe
Chris Sharpe

Ha.  2 links up from the one that got me here, you are brainwashed idiots, or evil.

Chris Sharpe
Chris Sharpe

Ha.  2 above link that led me here on search:

  • Courts quietly confirm MMR Vaccine causes Autism - Underground ... www.undergroundhealth.com/courts-quietly-confirm-mmr-vaccine-causes-autism/

    Jul 29, 2013 ... Whiteoutpress.com After decades of passionate debate, parents probably missed
    the repeated admissions by drug companies and ...

    Big pharma is paying people because they harmed children.  Please stop mocking parents for pointing out who it was that messed up their kids.  You are evil.

Evan Wright
Evan Wright

Saying something is not true does not make it not true.  Disproving it with multiple repeatable studies that have demonstrated time and time again that there is no correlation does.  The verdict isn't out and websites like Mercola and Natural News are not taken with any validity in the scientific or medical world.  The idea that drug companies (I cannot believe I am going to defend these guys here) make millions off vaccines is laughable.  They make far more off the chronic medications you take every day for the rest of your life than a shot you get once.  Most pharmaceutical companies have a hard time keeping their vaccine divisions funded because they make almost nothing.  

Almost every story I hear about getting a vaccine and suddenly a patient being diagnosed with autism are anecdotal.  Just because A comes before B doesn't mean A causes B.  I could counter argue that because you fed your baby mashed peas before they were diagnosed with autism that it must be the cause.  It would be equally ridiculous.  

Physicians have nothing to gain by injecting your child with a vaccine that is unsafe.  Do you truly believe that close to 99% of doctors in this world are buying into the practice of vaccination because it does not prevent illness or because we have something to gain from it.  We routinely revise our standards of care based on available literature.  Did we fold when Vioxx was taken off the market: a medication that netted drug companies far more than vaccines do?  

The irony here is that most people posting on this website have never been to a real third world country where people actually die from polio, anthrax, measels, etc.  We are lucky in this country in that morons can afford not to vaccinate their kids because so many other responsible parents do and provide a herd immunity for their child.  However, when myths about the MMR vaccine causing autism become supported by clowns like Jenny McCarthy, some people actually believe that her opinion is equal to scientific fact.  In time enough people stop vaccinating and herd immunity breaks down and children die.  This happened in Ireland just after Wakefield's article was published and it is happening now in Texas when a parish community who was anti vaccination now has about 10 reported cases of measles (a disease that hasn't been seen in the US in 10 years).  

Then again what do I know, I was only a Naval flight surgeon for 5 years deploying people into combat zones and practicing preventative medicine and now a physician in family medicine.

Chris Garcia
Chris Garcia

First of all, my little brother, who was perfectly normal and developing at a good pace, had the MMR vaccine when he was a year or so old. Literally that same day he had a seizure and stopped talking. Stopped making eye contact. And we had to fight for a diagnosis. That is the only thing that changed from one day to the next concerning his medical care. 

Granted. Genetics do play a huge part, however the vaccine activated whatever was dormant and now made him this way.

The article also refuses to acknowledge that Italy recently did find a connection between the MMR, autism, and stomach problems (both of which my brother has). And as a result of the findings, MMR together in a single shot has been banned. But you can still get them administered separately.  The author only seems to be revisiting the 'fear-mongering' default rather then going into the other side of the argument. 

The health care industry is heavily tied in with the government, and there is a lot of money in it. If it's reveled that they have some connects to other forms of illnesses, how screwed do you think they would be? It's a political game, nothing more.

Debbie smith
Debbie smith

I am ASHAMED that this article is on this website. There hasn't been ANY studies to disprove that vaccines don't cause autism but hundreds HAVE proven they do. I guess this website is for propanda idiots only. I will no longer take it as a good resource for facts.

Chris Billings
Chris Billings

I'm not saying I know the answers here, but I do know that the source of evidence presented, has a huge conflict of interest!

Christina Waldman
Christina Waldman

The title of this article is simply not true! The US Vaccine Injury Court has been quietly settling cases where vaccines caused brain inflammation damaging a child's brain, resulting in autism, since 1991. Hannah Poling, Bailey Banks, Misty Hiatt, Ryan Mojavi, Emily Moller, and others on the autism spectrum have been compensated for their vaccine-induced brain injuries.  It has been known for decades that the live viruses in children's vaccines such as measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox can cause the same neurological harm that natural infection can cause. Little Valentino Bocca in Italy was compensated when a judge ruled MMR caused his autism. As the late Dr. Bernadine Healy, former director of the National Institutes of Health, said in her 2008 CBS interview with Sharyl Atkinson, there is a small subset of children who are most at risk for vaccine damage. These children will not show up on epidemiological studies.  Science has the tools now to find these children, not ignore them, and study how to make vaccines safer for all children. Vaccines are big money, and our media is controlled by big money interests who have also infiltrated our government agencies like the CDC, FDA, WHO, and run organizations like the AAP. Governments have a legitimate concern in preventing disease, but you can't expect that lying to the people will encourage them to trust in the safety of vaccine programs.  It won't.

Cheriee Nicholson
Cheriee Nicholson

it seems to me that the rate of autism has increased as the age of the mothers and fathers increased, i don't know...just a thought.

Mindano Iha
Mindano Iha

There is officially approved information in vaccine package inserts that the  vaccinated may suffer from inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). In some cases this leads to brain damage - which may lead to autism.

Tomer Shmaya
Tomer Shmaya

Searching for the key under the spot-light again?
The research subjects the antigen count, and whether the immune system response might have caused ASD. But it doesn't AT ALL negate the option that something within those vaccinations (like metals or other compounds) might cause it.
I mean, the most straight forward comparison someone should take, is between groups of kids from the same age and socioeconomic group, where one group is vaccinated and the other one is not. compare the rates of ASD... is there anything more simple to refute or prove the connection between vaccination and ASD in ANY way.
When that simple point is closed and studied, you can go on for the next step (suppose the connection is not refuted) and look for the specific reason/s.

Now, why don't anyone do this? because...

Laura Speck
Laura Speck

Then could someone explain to me how it is that one in every five children have autism or an autism spectrum disorder? I have a daughter she is four I got her vaccinated up until six months of age by the time she was twelve months I knew something was terribly wrong. so I stopped vaccines after that. at 26 months of age she was diagnosed with Autism. My husband and I had another child after she has never been vaccinated and she does not have Autism. My question here is since one in every five children has Autism it must come from something they are receiving vaccinations,  foods, something?. No one has linked it to genetics as of yet!

One in five children is a lot when you think about it. there is 3 other children besides my child that has Autism on my street alone. It's ridiculous when you think about it. to my knowledge the FDA and CDC cannot say that they are one hundred percent sure with absolute certainty that vaccination are not the cause. 

Paul Lacombe
Paul Lacombe

I always looked up to National Geographic while I was growing up. What kind of article is this?  You left the part out where Congress did find a correlation. You left out the part where the courts ruled there is a correlation. You leave out the part where autism was unknow until the 1930s when the Polio vaccines started. You the CDC, The UK department of health,Institute of Medicine, The journal of pediatrics failed to explain how shooting children up with Mercury, Aluminum is safe.  Good luck on that one!  And you accuse Mccarthy of spreading lies! Too Much!

David Korpi
David Korpi

Vaccines can and do harm individuals, there is no disputing this. This article does a disservice by implying that vaccines are as safe as drinking water. I'm embarrassed that National Geographic would publish such an absurd position. 

The Department of Health Services published a Vaccine Injury Table the known injuries and illnesses that vaccines can cause.

http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation/vaccinetable.html

It's a risk / reward measurement that society does, but no doctor or government should compel an individual to take vaccines without knowing the potential side effects, and whether or not a person has a predisposition inferred by the vaccines known side effects.

As far as whether the courts have ruled that vaccines can trigger autism, besides the Poling case (and the number of sealed court cases that attribute autism like symptoms instead of just calling it autism), her is a case from 2012 that has been un-reopened by the media:

http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/CAMPBELL-SMITH.MOJABI-PROFFER.12.13.2012.pdf

Quinn Sysmith
Quinn Sysmith

Just look at who funds N.G. to see why they love to vaccinate you with mercury and cancer. 

  1. Laurance Rockefeller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurance_RockefellerHe served as founding trustee of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund for forty-two years, from its inception in 1940 .... National Geographic Society - Board of Trustees.


Flexner Report


That's what the foundations are all about, ladies and gentlemen. Make no mistake about it. The foundation takeover of the "American Medical Schools" followed almost immediately after Gates went to work for Rockefeller. It was fast and it was simple. It took place in three steps. 

The first was when Rockefeller and Carnegie together financed the famous Flexner Report of 1910 written by Abraham Flexner, hired by Rockefeller and Carnegie. Flexner traveled all over the country and made a very scholarly analysis of how bad the level of medical education was in America and he was right. He didn't distort it. To my knowledge he didn't distort (any of it). He didn't have to. There were diploma mills. There were a few good schools. But, there were a lot of mediocre schools and there were a lot of bad schools. And people could get a medical degree just by paying enough money and so Flexner brought all of this together in the Flexner Report. It was published by the foundation as a public service and everybody was very much concerned. Something had to be done. You see now, the problem was crystallized with foundation money. 

The next step was to solve the problems. Rockefeller and Carnegie then provided the money to solve the problem. They offered tax-free grants. Tremendous infusions of millions and millions of dollars to those selected medical schools that were cooperative and that were willing to go along with the recommendations made by Rockefeller and Carnegie. The ones who weren't willing to submit themselves to the influence of the money didn't get any, and they fell by the wayside. The ones who did go along got this money and were able to build big buildings to attract qualified teachers. They were able to get the necessary equipment, and they became the large medical schools in America today, through Rockefeller and Carnegie money. 

Now, there is an old saying that "he who pays the piper calls the tune." And that is exactly what happened. Gates and Flexner, and those whom they appointed, became Board members and consultants for all of these schools. And you can be sure, ladies and gentlemen, that if you are on the Board of Trustees of the school and you are struggling for money and somebody comes to you and says here is 10 million dollars and then they say, however, or by the way, we would suggest that the next time you look for a president we suggest that you look at Mr. Smith, he's a fine, reputable man. You will listen very carefully when they make that suggestion and Mr. Smith becomes the next president. 

Mr. Smith listens very carefully when Mr. Gates, Mr. Rockefeller, or Mr. Carnegie say, "now, Mr. Smith, you need people on your teaching staff with these qualifications, and we suggest that you look at Dr. Jones, Dr. Radcliff” and so forth. They all listen. Money has a distinct sound. It is the ruffling of thousand dollar bills. Now there is no corruption there. It is not necessary to set down and say we are going to control the school. We want you to do what we tell you, it is all just very gentlemanly and done gently. But it's done, nevertheless. And so you can be sure that those schools that were willing to cooperate were the ones who got the money. The record indeed shows that this is true. LECTURE BY MR. G. EDWARD GRIFFIN

Flexner was John D. Rockefeller's "stool pigeon" in setting up the takeover of the entire medical school industry by Carnegie Foundation, which was a Rockefeller Foundation subsidiary at that time.......When you say "Carnegie Foundation", you're talking about something that has no substance. It's entirely under the domination of the Rockefellers. .................He (Abraham Flexner) did "The Flexner Report", and this changed the medical schools of the United States from homeopathic, naturopathic medicine, to allopathic medicine -- which was a German school of medicine which depended on the heavy use of drugs, radical surgery, and long hospital stays. That's what we've got today, allopathic medicine."---Eustace Mullins.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178858/

Brian Franklin
Brian Franklin

"In a more rational world, this discussion would be un-reopenable," Offit says.

What kind of scientist says that? 

c robi
c robi

susan brink- just another propagandist..     has she even looked at the NUMEROUS studies that DO link autism to vaccines?   google:  adventures in autism studies link autism vaccines

c robi
c robi

you should know that a study has recently been done that actually does show a link between MMR and autism in select individuals.

Dr. Vijendra K. Singh, Research Association Professor of Neuroimmunology for Utah State University's Department of Biology, has just published a report in the Journal of Biomedical Science showing that there is an association between the MMR vaccine and autism due to an immune system reaction.

In Dr. Singh's study they took samples of blood from 125 children that are autistic along with 92 blood samples of non-autistic children. 75 out of 125 of the children with autism had antibodies showing that there had indeed been an abnormal reaction when it came specifically to the measles portion of the MMR vaccine. Along with this, 9 out of 10 of these same children also tested positive for antibodies that are currently believed to contribute to autism. These antibodies are responsible for attacking the brain and the building blocks of myelin which is what covers nerve fibres. Because of this, the nerves don't develop in the right way and this could very well affect the brain.

Dr. Singh has done well over 20 years of work in the field of immunology research, and he said of his findings that, "Stemming from this evidence, we suggest that an inappropriate antibody response to MMR, specifically the measles component thereof, might be related to pathogenesis of autism."

Adam Wood
Adam Wood

@Chris Sharpe Hahahaha. I read it on the Internets so it must be true.

The research on the subject was bunk from the beginning and the guy who wrote the paper in the 1990s (I think his name was Andrew Wakefield) lost his medical license and a lof of media sources jumped on the story prematurely which is why people like you think it's true. The guy manipulated evidence in his research! IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH DRUG COMPANIES. You should dig a little deeper than an e-magazine called 'Underground Health, ' and come up with your own conclusion.

Christina Waldman
Christina Waldman

E.g., in a 15-year study of 24 cases of mumps meningitis and encephalitis, where 4 of 24 cases occurred 19-26 days after injection with the Urabe Am 9 strain of mumps (known to cause aseptic meningitis), the clinical and lab features of the natural infection cases were not significantly different from the vaccine-associated cases. McDonald JC. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1989 Nov 8(11):751-5. 

Jim McNary
Jim McNary

@Tomer Shmaya

"I mean, the most straight forward comparison someone should take, is between groups of kids from the same age and socioeconomic group, where one group is vaccinated and the other one is not. compare the rates of ASD... is there anything more simple to refute or prove the connection between vaccination and ASD in ANY way."

Um. This has been done in Denmark. They actually found that the unvaccinated group was slightly more likely to develop autism. You really ought to look to see if research has been done before blindly declaring that it hasn't - it's like me, sitting here at 5 in the afternoon, asking for evidence of the sun.

In Japan, they also have the data on spacing out the MMR - makes zero difference in terms of autism rates.

Any other questions?

Holly Elgison
Holly Elgison

@Tomer Shmaya Because parents should not take the rise of skipping vaccinations..why should we put those kids at risk ..


Jim McNary
Jim McNary

@Laura Speck

"Then could someone explain to me how it is that one in every five children have autism or an autism spectrum disorder?"

...they don't. Not even close. The explanation is, you're wrong.

What is absolutely certain is that measles kills kids.

Jim McNary
Jim McNary

@Paul Lacombe

"You left the part out where Congress did find a correlation."

This isn't true, but even if it was, Congressmen are not scientists.

"You left out the part where the courts ruled there is a correlation."

"The courts" ruled OJ was innocent, too, but you're also talking about an Italian court, which also held scientists liable for not predicting an earthquake.

 "You leave out the part where autism was unknown until the 1930s when the Polio vaccines started."

Autism was first described in 1911, and the polio vaccine wasn't produced until 1952.

You wanna talk about lies?

Jim McNary
Jim McNary

@David Korpi

Kids die from measles at a vastly, vastly higher rate than even so much as getting the sniffles from a vaccine. Those who die are likely predisposed - do you suppose their parents are aware of that before they decide to let their kid get sick?

Jickity Jarz
Jickity Jarz

@Quinn Sysmith  all on board the crazy train, TOOT TOOT!

Jim McNary
Jim McNary

@Brian Franklin

Do you feel that the shape of the earth is up for debate? At some point people have to acknowledge reality. No debate languishes forever. That's not what science is about.

Jim McNary
Jim McNary

@c robi

That paper is BS. There is no indication as to whether the antibodies in question appeared before or after the children became autistic, because they don't have serum from before their diagnoses.

Moreover, the antibodies in question may be "believed to contribute to autism" by the authors, but there is no scientific basis for this belief.

Finally, their explanation for why they're looking for antibodies against "MMR" instead of measles itself doesn't square with basic immunology, thus there is ample reason to believe that this 12-year-old "recent" paper is based on fake data.

Brian Franklin
Brian Franklin

@c robi Thanks for pointing this out. This is the kind of clinical research that should be used as evidence, rather than the "coffin nail", retrospective survey research this author cites as "case closed"

Chris Garcia
Chris Garcia

@Jim McNary @Tomer Shmaya 

Then explain why Italy has banned the MMR and found links between the vaccine, autism, and gastrointestinal problems? Both of which my brother developing the same -day- he received an MMR. 

Chris Sharpe
Chris Sharpe

@Holly Elgison @Tomer Shmaya   No.  You're right, just let someone shoot a bunch of crap into them.  What the hell do you mean? What study?  Check the links on when diseases started to go away, and when we started to do things like, oh, I don't know, sterilizing doctor's equipment, putting our bodily wastes somewhere other than "flung out the highest window in our dwelling", stuff like that.  Injecting people with mercury and formaldehyde isn't saving the world.

Debbie smith
Debbie smith

@Jim McNary NO they.. don't.. get your facts right. The measles were super common and rarely did any damage

Brian Franklin
Brian Franklin

@Jim McNary the shape of the earth is now observable. the state of current vaccine safety science is lacking.This debate is far from over.


Unless of course you have some studies that the NIH doesnt know about... 

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