November 29, 2006—One of the most familiar residents of the island of Madagascar is the lemur—a type of primate found nowhere else in the wild.

But now rapid human development on the island has conservationists racing to save the rare creatures' forest home and keep them from going extinct.

Go in the field with biologists studying how lemurs are coping with habitat loss, and meet the team's surprising discovery: an unusual lemur that could be a species new to science.